Category: Smart Contracts

Smart Contracts

Smart contract security: what every Solidity developer needs to know in 2026

Over $3.8B has been stolen from smart contract exploits between 2020 and 2025. Yet most developers treat security as someone else’s problem. This guide breaks down the 5 vulnerabilities that cause the most damage, the free tools every Solidity developer should run before deployment, and why security knowledge is now the fastest career multiplier in Web3.

Metana Editorial April 10, 2026

Smart Contracts

ERC Token Standards: Your Simplified Guide

Discover the complete guide to ERC token standards for 2026. Learn how ERC-20, ERC-721, ERC-1155, and newer standards like ERC-4337 power the Ethereum ecosystem. From fungible tokens to NFTs and account abstraction, this guide breaks down each standard with real-world examples. Read the full guide to master Ethereum token standards today

Metana Editorial February 13, 2026

Smart Contracts

Top 9 Smart Contract Programming Languages in 2026

mart contracts are at the heart of blockchain development, and choosing the right programming language can make all the difference. This article breaks down nine popular smart contract languages, their strengths, and real-world use cases. If you’re building on Ethereum, Solana, or beyond, read the full guide to choose the right language and build more secure, efficient decentralized applications.

Metana Editorial January 6, 2026

Smart Contracts

10 Best Practices for Smart Contract Coding

Solidity powers Ethereum smart contracts, but writing effective code requires more than knowing the syntax. From managing gas costs and avoiding security vulnerabilities to applying proven design patterns and testing rigorously, this guide breaks down essential Solidity best practices to help you build secure, efficient, and production-ready smart contracts with confidence.

Metana Editorial January 2, 2026

Blockchain

What are Events in Solidity?

Choosing the right programming language depends on what you want to build and the career path you want to follow. This guide explains the strengths of popular options like Python, JavaScript, Java, Go, Rust and Swift, and shows which languages are best for web development, data science, mobile apps and high performance systems.

Metana Editorial November 20, 2025

Smart Contracts

Understanding Solidity Control Structures: A Comprehensive Exploration

Explore the core control structures in Solidity from if else statements to loops and logical flows that shape how smart contracts behave. Learn how these tools help your code make decisions, repeat tasks, and react to real world conditions. This guide breaks down each structure with clear explanations, examples, and best practices for stronger dApp development.

Metana Editorial November 19, 2025

Blockchain

Web3 Solidity Projects for Beginners : Building a Strong Foundation

Solidity is the main programming language for creating smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. This article covers Solidity projects for beginners like the “Hello, World!” contract, token sale contracts, voting systems, crowdfunding contracts, and more.

Metana Editorial November 7, 2025

Blockchain

How to Make NFT Art for Free: Step-by-Step

Create a free NFT on OpenSea or Rarible using lazy minting with no gas fees upfront. Set up MetaMask, connect your wallet, upload PNG, GIF, or WEBP art, and list instantly. The buyer pays minting costs upon purchase. Perfect for artists to prove ownership, sell digital collectibles, and skip Ethereum fees. Read more to know more.

Metana Editorial October 30, 2025

Blockchain

How To Add Polygon Network to Metamask Wallet (MATIC)

Adding Polygon network to your MetaMask wallet is quick and easy. Simply click “Add Network,” enter the official RPC URL, Chain ID 137, and symbol MATIC. Once configured, you’ll unlock access to low cost transactions, DeFi platforms, NFT marketplaces, and gaming ecosystems while enjoying Polygon’s faster transaction speeds and significantly lower fees.

Metana Editorial October 13, 2025

Blockchain

Step by Step: How To Start Learning Web3

TL;DR Step Description 1 Follow top Web3 builders on Twitter to stay updated 2 Learn via video tutorials on YouTube 3 Build simple projects like

Metana Editorial August 1, 2025

Smart Contracts

How Do Signatures and Malleability Impact Web3 Security?

Web3 security relies heavily on digital signatures to verify the authenticity and authorization of transactions. However, a vulnerability known as signature malleability can pose a

Metana Editorial July 21, 2025

Crypto Faucets

How to Deploy a Smart Contract to the Sepolia Testnet (4-minutes read)

Testing a smart contract without risking real ETH is a game-changer. The Sepolia testnet lets you do just that. This guide, shows you how to deploy a smart contract using MetaMask and a browser-based Solidity IDE, with free test ETH from the Metana Sepolia Faucet.

Metana Editorial July 18, 2025

Smart Contracts

15 Common Smart Contract Vulnerabilities (and Fixes)

In 2024, smart contract vulnerabilities led to over $3.5 billion in losses within the blockchain industry, underscoring the critical importance of comprehensive security audits to protect decentralized finance ecosystems. This guide covers 15 smart contract vulnerabilities that every developer must understand:

Metana Editorial July 15, 2025

Blockchain

Solidity and Homomorphic Encryption: The Key to Confidential Smart Contracts

Blockchain tech is a hive of activity, buzzing with ideas to make it safer and more private for everyone. Two prominent players in this arena

Metana Editorial July 7, 2025

Smart Contracts

Understanding DeFi Smart Contracts: Beginners Guide

A DeFi smart contract is like an autonomous financial agent built on the blockchain (most commonly Ethereum). It’s written in code (think Solidity) and designed to automatically execute actions when certain conditions are met. No banks, no middlemen. Just trustless code doing exactly what it’s programmed to do.

Metana Editorial June 30, 2025

Smart Contracts

How Smart Contracts Work (Without Coding Jargon)

TL;DR: Smart contracts are self-executing agreements written in code that automatically execute when certain conditions are met. They function on blockchain technology, removing the need

Metana Editorial June 18, 2025

Smart Contracts

Smart Contracts in Real Estate Transactions

What Are Smart Contracts? Imagine a digital agreement that runs itself once everyone agrees on the terms — that’s a smart contract. These are self-executing

Metana Editorial January 27, 2025

Smart Contracts

Interoperability in Smart Contracts

Smart contracts have transformed the execution of digital transactions and agreements by offering a secure, automated, and tamper-proof solution for managing complex workflows. However, their

Metana Editorial January 24, 2025

Smart Contracts

Why Don’t Smart Contracts Have Private Keys?

TL;DR: Smart contracts have become one of the most revolutionary aspects of blockchain technology, especially in decentralized finance (DeFi), digital assets, and automation. These self-executing

Metana Editorial September 30, 2024

Smart Contracts

Easy Guide to Converting Wei to Gwei

Blockchain technology is continuously growing to become one of the most transformative forces in the digital world. In the Ethereum blockchain, transactions and computations involve

Metana Editorial September 19, 2024

Smart Contracts

[Fixed] DeclarationError: Identifier not found or not unique Solidity

In the ever-evolving world of blockchain development, Solidity stands out as the most popular programming language for Ethereum. However, like any other programming language, Solidity

Metana Editorial August 24, 2024

Smart Contracts

How to Write a Foundry Test: Solidity Unit Testing

Smart contracts have revolutionized trust, transparency, and automation in decentralized systems. To maintain this trust as blockchain evolves, it’s crucial to test smart contracts before

Metana Editorial August 20, 2024

Smart Contracts

Are Compiler Bugs in Smart Contracts a Hidden Risk?

Web3 development thrives on smart contracts – self-executing programs on the blockchain. These contracts are written in high-level languages like Solidity and then compiled into

Metana Editorial July 13, 2024

Smart Contracts

Combating Frontrunning: Ensuring Fairness in Web3 DEXes

Web3 promises a democratized financial landscape, but a shadow lurks within its decentralized exchanges (DEXes) – Frontrunning. This exploitative practice leverages knowledge of upcoming transactions

Metana Editorial July 12, 2024

Smart Contracts

Are You Assuming Immutability? Pitfalls and Solutions in Web3

Immutability – the cornerstone of blockchain technology – guarantees that once data is written, it cannot be altered. This concept empowers transparency and trust, making

Metana Editorial July 12, 2024

Smart Contracts

Mitigating Overpowered Admins in Web3 for Better Security

Decentralization is the cornerstone of Web3, aiming to empower users and reduce reliance on centralized control. However, a common pitfall in Web3 development contradicts this

Metana Editorial July 11, 2024

Smart Contracts

Avoiding Try-Catch Misuse: Securing Solidity Smart Contracts Effectively

Exception handling is a crucial aspect of any programming language, and Web3 development with Solidity is no exception. The try-catch block offers a mechanism to

Metana Editorial July 10, 2024

Smart Contracts

Upgrade Bugs: Overcoming Challenges in Smart Contract Upgrades

Web3 thrives on innovation, but unlike traditional software, upgrades to deployed smart contracts can be a tricky affair. The very nature of blockchain immutability presents

Metana Editorial July 9, 2024

Smart Contracts

Unchecked Return Values: Hidden Threats in Smart Contracts

Web3 thrives on the power of smart contracts – self-executing programs that automate tasks on the blockchain. However, a seemingly minor oversight – unchecked return

Metana Editorial July 8, 2024

Smart Contracts

Top DeFi Lending and Staking Protocol Vulnerabilities and Mitigations

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has revolutionized financial services, offering lending and staking opportunities without the need for intermediaries. However, these protocols are not without their weaknesses.

Metana Editorial July 7, 2024

Smart Contracts

Protect Yourself from Rug Pulls: Tips to Avoid Crypto Scams

The world of Web3 is brimming with promises of high returns and revolutionary projects, driving a wave of excitement among investors and developers alike. Yet,

Metana Editorial July 5, 2024

Smart Contracts

Address Poisoning in Smart Contracts

Web3 thrives on user empowerment and the ease of sending and receiving cryptocurrency. However, a growing threat lurks in the shadows: Address Poisoning. This malicious

Metana Editorial July 4, 2024

Smart Contracts

Storage and Deletion in Web3: Revolutionizing Data Management

Web3 thrives on the immutability of the blockchain – a guarantee that once data is written, it cannot be altered or erased. This permanence is

Metana Editorial July 2, 2024

Smart Contracts

Solidity Language Quirks: Avoiding Pitfalls in Smart Contract Development

Solidity, the preeminent language for writing smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain, is a powerful tool. But like any powerful tool, it has its quirks

Metana Editorial July 2, 2024

Smart Contracts

Mixed Accounting in Smart Contracts

Web3 is ushering in a new era of financial applications, blending traditional finance (TradFi) with decentralized finance (DeFi). Many projects straddle this line, requiring a

Metana Editorial June 29, 2024

Smart Contracts

Oracle Dependence in Smart Contracts

Web3 applications represent the cutting edge of decentralization, but they do not operate in isolation. These applications require real-world data to function effectively, and this

Metana Editorial June 28, 2024

Smart Contracts

Flash Loan Attacks in Smart Contracts

Flash loans, a cornerstone of DeFi (Decentralized Finance), offer exciting liquidity possibilities. But in the wrong hands, they can become a developer’s nightmare – fueling

Metana Editorial June 27, 2024

Smart Contracts

Governance Attacks in Smart Contracts

In the realm of Web3, the concept of decentralization is not just a buzzword—it’s a fundamental principle. Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs) epitomize this ethos, where

Metana Editorial June 26, 2024

Smart Contracts

Excessive Function Restriction in Smart Contracts

In the world of blockchain and smart contracts, security is paramount. However, there’s a fine line between ensuring security and creating rigid, inflexible systems. One

Metana Editorial June 25, 2024

Smart Contracts

Insecure Randomness in Smart Contracts

In the dynamic and evolving landscape of Web3, randomness plays a crucial role in ensuring the fairness and unpredictability of various applications. From provably fair

Metana Editorial June 25, 2024

Smart Contracts

Improper Input Validation in Smart Contracts

TL;DR In the world of smart contracts, where code governs the execution of transactions and other functions, the importance of proper input validation cannot be

Metana Editorial June 23, 2024

Smart Contracts

Reentrancy Attack in Smart Contracts

In a traditional transaction, one party sends funds to another in exchange for goods or services. This exchange typically follows a well-defined sequence of steps.

Metana Editorial June 21, 2024

Blockchain

How to Create a Decentralized Exchange (DEX) Using Solidity

TL;DR A Decentralized Exchange (DEX) allows peer-to-peer trading without intermediaries. To build a basic DEX using Solidity, key components include: Steps to build: Enhancements include

Metana Editorial April 22, 2024

Blockchain

How to Create a Token with Solidity

Discover how to create an ERC-20 token with Solidity step-by-step—from setting up your environment to writing, testing, and deploying on Ethereum. Whether you’re a beginner or seasoned dev, this guide makes token development clear and actionable. Learn the standards, avoid pitfalls, and launch your token with confidence!

Metana Editorial April 19, 2024

Smart Contracts

Smart Contract Auditing: Essential Guide for Blockchain Security

Smart contracts, the self-executing code on blockchains, have revolutionized various industries. From decentralized finance (DeFi) to supply chain management, their potential is undeniable. However, with

Metana Editorial April 18, 2024

Blockchain

Easy Guide to Solidity and IPFS Integration: Improving Blockchain Apps

The world of blockchain technology is full of new and exciting ideas. Blockchains are great because they are very secure and can’t be easily changed,

Metana Editorial April 10, 2024

Blockchain

Understanding Chainlink and Solidity Integration for Better dApp Development

Blockchain technology is really innovative, and smart contracts are a big part of that. Smart contracts are like automatic agreements that run themselves, but they

Metana Editorial April 9, 2024

Blockchain

Implementing Oracles in Solidity: Enhance Contract Reliability

Solidity, the programming language for Ethereum smart contracts, excels at automating tasks and enforcing complex logic within the secure confines of the blockchain. However, smart

Metana Editorial April 4, 2024

Smart Contracts

Solidity Libraries and Inheritance: A Beginner’s Guide

Solidity, the programming language powering Ethereum smart contracts, offers robust tools for code reusability. Two key approaches dominate this landscape: inheritance and libraries. While both

Metana Editorial March 26, 2024

Smart Contracts

Upgrading Smart Contracts? Here’s All You Need To Know.

Smart contracts, the self-executing code on blockchains, have revolutionized various industries. They offer trust, transparency, and automation in transactions, forming the backbone of Decentralized Applications

Metana Editorial March 25, 2024

Smart Contracts

Common Solidity Security Vulnerabilities & How to Avoid Them

TL;DR: Solidity, the preeminent language for building smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain and other platforms, empowers developers to create decentralized applications (DApps) that automate

Metana Editorial March 25, 2024

Smart Contracts

Best Practices for Smart Contract Testing & how to

Metana Editorial March 22, 2024

Smart Contracts

Smart Contract Design Patterns in Solidity Explained!

TL;DR Imagine the early days of the Wild West. Untamed potential, a rush of opportunity, but also the risk of chaos without the proper tools.

Metana Editorial March 13, 2024

Smart Contracts

The 10 Best Web3 Wallets to Secure Your Crypto Today

TL;DR Web3 wallets store and manage crypto, NFTs, and connect to dApps. Types: Top Picks for Beginners: Security Tips: As the digital landscape shifts toward

Metana Editorial March 7, 2024

Smart Contracts

Solidity Mutation Testing: Guide for Beginners

Imagine a world full of bugs and weird happenings, but we’re not talking about bugs you find under a rock—we’re diving into the cool world

Metana Editorial February 28, 2024

Smart Contracts

Solidity Runtime Errors: A Beginner’s Guide

Ever found yourself staring at your computer screen, wondering if Solidity has a personal vendetta against you? You’re not alone. Picture this: It’s 2 AM,

Metana Editorial February 19, 2024

Smart Contracts

What is the Solidity Console Log?

TL;DR Debugging Solidity smart contracts is crucial due to their immutable nature. Hardhat offers a console.log function, similar to JavaScript’s, allowing developers to print variables

Metana Editorial January 24, 2024

Smart Contracts

Solidity vs Rust: The Key Differences Explained

TL;DR Blockchain technology has revolutionized the digital world, and at the forefront of this revolution are two key programming languages: Solidity and Rust. The ongoing

Metana Editorial January 3, 2024

Smart Contracts

Solidity Operators: A Comprehensive Guide

Operators are the mini-commands that make code come alive! They’re like special symbols that tell a computer what actions to perform on values and variables.

Metana Editorial December 20, 2023

Smart Contracts

Understanding Solidity Methods: How They Differ from Functions

You probably already know about Solidity, right? It’s a programming language that helps us create smart contracts on the Ethereum network. It’s quite similar to

Metana Editorial November 28, 2023

Smart Contracts

Understanding Solidity Global Variables: Types and Uses

Solidity is a popular programming language for writing smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. In Solidity, global variables play a crucial role in the functioning

Ali Kanso November 7, 2023

Smart Contracts

Understanding Solidity Functions: Types and Use Cases

TL;DR Solidity is a high-level programming language specifically designed for developing smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. In Solidity, functions are a fundamental building block,

Ali Kanso November 1, 2023

Blockchain

Understanding Solidity Variables: Types and Uses

TL;DR:In Solidity, variables are used to store and manipulate data in smart contracts. They are classified into value types (e.g., uint, bool, address, bytes) and

Ali Kanso October 20, 2023

Blockchain

Solidity: The Programming Language of Decentralized Applications

Solidity: What Is It? Solidity is a computer language that’s used to make smart contracts. Smart contracts are computer programs that run accounts on the

Metana Editorial July 17, 2023

Blockchain

Solidity Developer Job Description: Responsibilities, Salary & Requirements

Blockchain technology has changed the way we do transactions because it’s secure, can’t be changed, and is transparent. Solidity is a programming language that was

Metana Editorial May 25, 2023

Blockchain

Smart Contract ABI: What is it?

What is Smart Contract ABI? A smart contract ABI, or Application Binary Interface, is a standard way to interact with smart contracts in the Ethereum

Metana Editorial May 16, 2023

Blockchain

5 Best Web3 Solidity Courses To Get Started On Development

The world of web development is constantly evolving, and with the rise of web3 technologies, it has never been more exciting. Web3 refers to the

Metana Editorial May 9, 2023

Blockchain

ChatGPT x Solidity x AIPRM: Extension for Learning Solidity and Generate Smart Contracts.

Cryptocurrency and blockchain technology have been steadily gaining popularity in recent years, and as a result, there has been an increased demand for developers with

Metana Editorial March 27, 2023

Blockchain

The Developer’s Guide to Python, JavaScript & Solidity for Ethereum

TL;DR: Ethereum development is a high-demand skill in blockchain and programming. To become a proficient Ethereum developer, follow a sequential learning path: By following this

Metana Editorial March 20, 2023

Smart Contracts

Can I learn Solidity for free?

Solidity is a high-level programming language that is primarily used to develop smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. It is a powerful tool for creating

Metana Editorial March 17, 2023

Blockchain

What are the Best Web3 Solidity Bootcamps?

In today’s digital age, blockchain technology has revolutionized the way we interact and conduct business. It has brought about a secure and decentralized method of

Metana Editorial March 16, 2023

Blockchain

Is Solidity Hard to Learn?

TL;DR We at Metana, believe that the learning Solidity programming language is essential for building decentralized applications (dApps) on the Ethereum blockchain. It is a

Metana Editorial March 15, 2023

Blockchain

How to Buy Land in the Metaverse

The Origin Story of “Metaverse” Before we get into How to buy land in the Metaverse, Let’s look at how it started. A science fiction

Metana Editorial October 12, 2022

Blockchain

Step-by-step guide to install and setup Metamask Wallet

Why Use MetaMask? MetaMask allows interactions between the Ethereum blockchain and a crypto wallet. While it defaults to the Ethereum network, other EVM-compatible chains can

Metana Editorial September 7, 2022

Blockchain

Vitalik Buterin: The Man Behind Ethereum

Last year, on a YouTube video posted by Ashton Kutcher and Mila Kunis, titled, “Kitchen Talks”, a trivial question was asked by Ashton, “What is

Metana Editorial August 31, 2022

Blockchain

Ethereum VS Ethereum Classic (ETH vs ETC)| What’s The Difference

TL;DR: Ethereum vs. Ethereum Classic Let’s be clear: Ethereum and Ethereum Classic are two huge names in today’s crypto world, but they’re different by design.

Metana Editorial August 24, 2022

Blockchain

Major Applications of the Blockchain

Amidst the hue and cry of the crypto crash this year, which has been infamously coined “The Bear Market,” a lot of engineers have been

Metana Editorial August 10, 2022

Blockchain

What is a smart contract? — Understand contracts on the blockchain

Smart-contract in blockchain Blockchain is widely considered to be a speculative good thing, made famous by Bitcoin. But the underlying technology is more interesting in

Metana Editorial May 17, 2022